Molindone (Moban) - Uses, Dose, MOA, Brands, Side effects

Molindone (Moban) is an antipsychotic drug that is used in patients with schizophrenia. It acts by inhibiting D2 receptors in the brain.

Molindone Uses:

  • Schizophrenia:

    • Management of schizophrenia
  • Off Label Use of Molindone in Adults:

    • Psychosis and anxiety related to dementia.

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Molindone Dose in Adults:

Molindone (Moban) Dose in the treatment of Schizophrenia: Oral:

  • Initial: 50 to 75 mg/day,
  • The dose may be gradually increased to a maximum of 225 mg/day depending on the reaction and acceptability to 100 mg/day in 3 to 4 days.
  • 5 to 15 mg for maintenance (little symptoms) or 10 to 25 mg (moderate symptoms) 3 to 4 times a day (in extreme cases, up to 225 mg/day may  be needed). 30 to 100 mg per day is recommended for maintenance levels in medication guidelines.
  • Patients who are disabled should start with lesser doses.

Discontinuation of therapy:

  • Guidelines from the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP), the American Psychiatric Association (APA), and the  Canadian Psychiatric Association (CPA) recommend reducing antipsychotics gradually to prevent withdrawal symptoms and reduce the chance  of recurrence.
  • Anti-cholinergic or dopaminergic antipsychotics with extremely high doses may provide the greatest risk for withdrawal symptoms.
  • The CPA recommendations advise a progressive taper over 6 to 24 months when discontinuing antipsychotic therapy, and the APA standards  suggest a 10% monthly dose reduction.
  • After discontinuation, using anti-parkinsonism medications for a brief time may help to reduce withdrawal symptoms.
  • Three approaches have been recommended when changing antipsychotics:
    • Cross-titration (gradually stopping the first antipsychotic while gradually increasing the new antipsychotic), overlap, and taper  (keeping the first antipsychotic dose while gradually increasing the new antipsychotic, 
    • Then gradually reducing the first antipsychotic), abrupt change (abruptly discontinuing the first antipsychotic and either increasing  the new antipsychotic gradually or starting it at a treatment dose).
    • There is little evidence to support ideal shift patterns and taper rates, and the findings are inconsistent.

Molindone Dose in Childrens:

Molindone (Moban) Dose in the treatment of Schizophrenia:

Note: Second-generation antipsychotics have frequently taken their place in the treatment of paediatric patients with schizophrenia. Individualized dosage,  the use of the lowest effective dose and the shortest effective time, and routine reevaluation of the necessity for ongoing treatment are all recommended.

  • Children ≥12 years and Adolescents: Oral:

    • Initial: 50 to 75 mg/day,
    • The dose may be increased to 100 mg/day in 3 to 4 days depending on the response and acceptability
    • The maximum daily dose: 225 mg/day
  • Maintenance:
    • Depending on the response the dose may be changed (up or down); 5 to 15 mg for mild symptoms or 10 to 25 mg for moderate  symptoms taken 3 to 4 times per day (up to 225 mg/day may be required in severe cases).
    • Guidelines for adult treatment suggest maintenance dosages of 30 to 100 mg/day.

Pregnancy Risk Category: N

  • Unfavorable incidents were observed in some animal reproduction studies.
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and withdrawal symptoms in newborns after delivery are risks associated with antipsychotic usage throughout  the third trimester of pregnancy.
  • Agitation, feeding issues, hypertonia, hypotonia, lung discomfort, somnolence, and tremor are some of the symptoms that can affect newborns;  depending on the severity, these issues may go away on their own or necessitate hospitalisation.
  • To reduce the risk of EPS, the minimal effective maternal dose should be used when necessary.

Use during breastfeeding:

  • The excretion of the drug into breastmilk is not known.

Dose in Kidney Disease:

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer’s labeling.

Dose in Liver disease:

There are no dosage adjustments given in the manufacturer’s labeling; use with caution.


Side effects of Molindone (Moban):

  • Cardiovascular:

    • Tachycardia
    • Orthostatic Hypotension
    • Cardiac Arrhythmia
  • Central Nervous System:

    • Sedation
    • Disruption Of Body Temperature Regulation
    • Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
    • Euphoria
    • Hyperactivity
    • Extrapyramidal Reaction (Akathisia, Dystonia, Parkinsonian-Like Syndrome, Tardive Dyskinesia)
    • Restlessness
    • Drowsiness
    • Seizure
    • Depression
  • Dermatologic:

    • Skin Rash
  • Endocrine & Metabolic:

    • Weight Gain (Minimal Compared To Other Antipsychotics)
    • Galactorrhea
    • Menstrual Disease
    • Weight Loss
    • Increased Libido
    • Gynecomastia
    • Amenorrhea
  • Gastrointestinal:

    • Xerostomia
    • Nausea
    • Salivation
    • Constipation
  • Genitourinary:

    • Urinary Retention
    • Priapism
  • Ophthalmic:

    • Cataract
    • Retinal Pigment Changes
    • Blurred Vision

Contraindications to Molindone (Moban):

  • Sensitivity to molindone or any element of the formulation (cross-reactivity between phenothiazines may occur);
  • Serious CNS depression;
  • Coma

Warnings and Precautions

  • Altered cardiac conduction:

    • Might alter heart conduction (rarely); life-threatening arrhythmias have happened while antipsychotics were used at  therapeutic levels.
  • Anticholinergic effects:

    • Exercise restraint in patients with impaired gastrointestinal motility, paralytic ileus, urine retention, nonthreatening prostatic  hyperplasia, xerostomia, or visual issues may result from anticholinergic effects (constipation, xerostomia, hazy vision, urinary  retention).
    • Molindone's ability to suppress cholinergic signals is less effective than that of other neuroleptics.
  • Antiemetic effects:

    • Due to their antiemetic properties, antiemetics may mask the toxicity of other medications or medical problems (such as intestinal  blockage, Reye syndrome, and brain tumour).
  • Blood dyscrasias:

    • Antipsychotic usage has been linked to leukopenia, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis, which can occasionally be fatal. The  existence of risk factors, such as a pre-existing low white blood cell count or a history of drug-induced leukopenia or neutropenia,  should prompt periodic blood count evaluation.
    • Stop the medication when blood dyscrasias first appear or if the absolute neutrophil count falls below 1,000/mm3.
  • CNS depression:

    • Patients should be cautioned against performing jobs that call for mental attention since CNS depression may be affected, which  could impair physical or mental capacities (e.g., using machinery or driving).
    • Molindone has a decreased propensity for sedation when compared to other neuroleptics.
  • Esophageal dysmotility/aspiration:

    • Aspiration and oesophageal dysmotility have been associated to antipsychotic usage; the risk rises with age.
    • Exercise restraint with individuals who are at risk for aspiration pneumonia (Alzheimer's disease), especially those who are older  than 75.
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms:

    • May have an impact on extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), such as tardive dyskinesia, severe dystonic reactions, and pseudo-Parkinsonism.
    • Increased doses, the use of conventional antipsychotics, male patients, and younger patients may all raise the risk of dystonia (and possibly other EPS) in patients.
    • Older age, female gender combined with postmenopausal status, Parkinson disease, pseudo-parkinsonism symptoms, affective  disorders (particularly major depressive disorder), concurrent medical conditions like diabetes,  prior brain damage, alcoholism, poor treatment response, and use of high doses of antipsychotics are all associated with a higher risk of developing tardive  dyskinesia.
    • Consider stopping treatment if you have tardive dyskinesia symptoms or signs.
  • Falls:

    • Somnolence, orthostatic hypotension, and motor or sensory instability may raise the risk of falls.
    • Perform baseline and ongoing fall risk assessments on individuals with conditions or using drugs that may increase the risk of  falling.
  • Hyperprolactinemia:

    • The clinical relevance of hyperprolactinemia in patients with breast cancer or other prolactin-dependent malignancies is unknown;  use is related with elevated prolactin levels.
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS):

    • Check for changes in mental status, fever, muscle stiffness, and/or autonomic instability. Utilization may be associated with NMS.
    • Resuming pharmacological therapy should be carefully evaluated after NMS recovery; if antipsychotic medication is resumed, NMS should be properly monitored.
  • Orthostatic hypotension:

    • Use with caution in patients at risk for this effect or in those who would not be able to withstand transient hypotensive episodes  (cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, hypovolemia, or concurrent drug use that may predispose to  hypotension/bradycardia). May rarely cause orthostatic hypotension.
  • Temperature regulation:

    • Antipsychotics have the potential to impair basic body temperature control; caution is advised in the presence of strenuous activity, heat exposure, dehydration, and concurrent medications with anticholinergic effects.
  • Dementia: [US Boxed Warning]:

    • Antipsychotic treatment for elderly adults with dementia-related psychosis increases mortality risk compared to placebo.
    • The majority of fatalities appeared to be either infectious (e.g., pneumonia) or cardiovascular in character (e.g., heart failure,  sudden death).
    • Due to the increased risk of adverse effects, increased sensitivity to extrapyramidal symptoms, and associated with irreversible  cognitive decompensation or mortality, use with caution in patients with Lewy body dementia or Parkinson's disease dementia.
    • Due to a potential higher risk of damage compared to second-generation antipsychotics, the APA recommends giving preference to  second-generation antipsychotics over first-generation antipsychotics in older patients with dementia-related psychosis.
    • For the treatment of psychosis brought on by dementia, molindone is not authorised.
  • Hepatic impairment:

    • In patients with hepatic impairment, use with caution; transaminase changes have very occasionally been documented.
  • Seizure disorder:

    • When treating individuals who are at risk for seizures, use caution.

Molindone: Drug Interaction

Note: Drug Interaction Categories:

  • Risk Factor C: Monitor When Using Combination
  • Risk Factor D: Consider Treatment Modification
  • Risk Factor X: Avoid Concomitant Use

Risk Factor C (Monitor therapy)

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors May diminish the therapeutic effect of Anticholinergic Agents. Anticholinergic Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (Central)

Antipsychotic Agents' neurotoxic (central) effects might be amplified.  In some cases, severe extrapyramidal symptoms have manifested.

Alcohol (Ethyl) Alcohol's CNS depressing effect may be amplified by CNS depressants (Ethyl).
Alizapride CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact.
Amifampridine Amifampridine may have a stronger neuroexcitatory and/or seizure-potentiating impact when combined with substances with  seizure threshold lowering potential.
Amphetamines Antipsychotic drugs may lessen amphetamines' stimulating effects.
Anticholinergic Agents Other anticholinergic agents' negative or hazardous effects might be amplified.
Botulinum Toxin-Containing Products May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
Brexanolone Brexanolone's CNS depressing effects may be amplified by other CNS depressants.
Brimonidine (Topical) CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact.
BuPROPion Agents With Seizure Threshold Lowering Potential may have an enhanced neuroexcitatory and/or seizure-potentiating impact.
Cannabidiol May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Cannabis May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Chloral Betaine May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Anticholinergic Agents.
Chlorphenesin Carbamate May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of CNS Depressants.
CNS Depressants Other CNS depressants' harmful or toxic effects might be exacerbated.
Deutetrabenazine Could intensify the negative or hazardous effects of antipsychotic drugs. Particularly, there may be a  higher chance of developing  akathisia, parkinsonism, or neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Dimethindene (Topical) CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact.
Doxylamine

CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact. Management: The producer of the pregnancy-safe drug  Diclegis (doxylamine/pyridoxine) particularly advises against combining it with other CNS depressants.

Dronabinol CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact.
Esketamine CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact.
Gastrointestinal Agents (Prokinetic) Anticholinergic Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Gastrointestinal Agents (Prokinetic).
Glucagon Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Glucagon. Specifically, the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects may be increased.
Guanethidine Antipsychotic Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Guanethidine.
HydrOXYzine May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Itopride Anticholinergic Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Itopride.
Kava Kava CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact.
Lithium

Antipsychotic Agents' neurotoxic effects might be amplified. Lithium may lower the level of antipsychotic agents in the blood.  Particularly relevant with chlorpromazine.

Lofexidine

May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Drugs listed as exceptions to this monograph are discussed in further detail in separate drug interaction monographs.

Magnesium Sulfate May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Methylphenidate

Antipsychotic drugs may intensify methylphenidate's harmful or toxic effects. Methylphenidate may make antipsychotic  agents more harmful or poisonous.

MetyroSINE CNS Depressants may enhance the sedative effect of MetyroSINE.
MetyroSINE May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Antipsychotic Agents.
Mianserin May enhance the anticholinergic effect of Anticholinergic Agents.
Minocycline (Systemic) May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Mirabegron Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Mirabegron.
Nabilone May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Nitroglycerin Anticholinergic Agents may decrease the absorption of Nitroglycerin. Specifically, anticholinergic agents may decrease the dissolution of sublingual nitroglycerin tablets, possibly impairing or slowing nitroglycerin absorption.
Quinagolide Antipsychotic Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Quinagolide.
Ramosetron Ramosetron's constipating effects may be enhanced by anticholinergic drugs.
Rufinamide

CNS depressants' harmful or toxic effects could be increased. Particularly, drowsiness and lightheadedness could be worsened.

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may have a worsened or more hazardous effect when taken with CNS depressants.  Particularly, there may be an increased risk of psychomotor impairment.

Serotonergic Agents (High Risk) Could intensify the negative or hazardous effects of antipsychotic drugs. Particularly, serotonergic drugs may intensify the effects  of dopamine  blocking, thus raising the danger of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Serotonergic agents' serotonergic action may be  enhanced by antipsychotic drugs (High Risk). Serotonin syndrome might occur from this.
Tetrabenazine May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Antipsychotic Agents.
Tetrahydrocannabinol May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Thiazide and Thiazide-Like Diuretics Anticholinergic Agents may increase the serum concentration of Thiazide and Thiazide-Like Diuretics.
Topiramate Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Topiramate.
Trimeprazine CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact.

Risk Factor D (Consider therapy modification)

Anti-Parkinson Agents (Dopamine Agonist) Antipsychotic Agents (First Generation [Typical]) may diminish the therapeutic effect of Anti-Parkinson Agents (Dopamine Agonist). Anti-Parkinson Agents (Dopamine Agonist) may diminish the therapeutic effect of Antipsychotic Agents (First Generation [Typical]). Management: Avoid concomitant therapy if possible and monitor for decreased effects of both agents when these combinations cannot be avoided. Atypical antipsychotics such as clozapine and quetiapine may be less likely to reduce the effects of antiParkinson agents.
Blonanserin CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Blonanserin.
Buprenorphine CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Buprenorphine. Management: Consider reduced doses of other CNS depressants, and avoiding such drugs in patients at high risk of buprenorphine overuse/self-injection. Initiate buprenorphine at lower doses in patients already receiving CNS depressants.
Chlormethiazole May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Monitor closely for evidence of excessive CNS depression. The chlormethiazole labeling states that an appropriately reduced dose should be used if such a combination must be used.
Droperidol May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider dose reductions of droperidol or of other CNS agents (eg, opioids, barbiturates) with concomitant use. Exceptions to this monograph are discussed in further detail in separate drug interaction monographs.
Flunitrazepam CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Flunitrazepam.
HYDROcodone CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of HYDROcodone. Management: Avoid concomitant use of hydrocodone and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug.
Iohexol Agents With Seizure Threshold Lowering Potential may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Iohexol. Specifically, the risk for seizures may be increased. Management: Discontinue agents that may lower the seizure threshold 48 hours prior to intrathecal use of iohexol. Wait at least 24 hours after the procedure to resume such agents. In nonelective procedures, consider use of prophylactic anticonvulsants.
Iomeprol Agents With Seizure Threshold Lowering Potential may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Iomeprol. Specifically, the risk for seizures may be increased. Management: Discontinue agents that may lower the seizure threshold 48 hours prior to intrathecal use of iomeprol. Wait at least 24 hours after the procedure to resume such agents. In nonelective procedures, consider use of prophylactic anticonvulsants.
Iopamidol Agents With Seizure Threshold Lowering Potential may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Iopamidol. Specifically, the risk for seizures may be increased. Management: Discontinue agents that may lower the seizure threshold 48 hours prior to intrathecal use of iopamidol. Wait at least 24 hours after the procedure to resume such agents. In nonelective procedures, consider use of prophylactic anticonvulsants.
Lemborexant

CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact. Management: Due to the possibility of additive  CNS depressant effects when lemborexant  and concurrent CNS depressants are administered concurrently, dosage  modifications may be required. Effects of CNS depressants must be closely monitored.

Mequitazine

Mequitazine's arrhythmogenic action may be enhanced by antipsychotic medications. Management: When possible, look  into alternatives to one of these agents. Despite the fact that this combination is not clearly contraindicated, mequitazine  labelling states that it should be avoided.

Methotrimeprazine

The CNS depressing action of methotrimeprazine may be enhanced by CNS depressants. The CNS depressant action of CNS  Depressants may be strengthened by methotrimeprazine. Management: Start concurrent methotrimeprazine therapy  while reducing the adult dose of CNS depressants by 50%. Only once a clinically effective dose of methotrimeprazine  has been established should additional CNS depressant dosage modifications be made.

Opioid Agonists CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Opioid Agonists. Management: Avoid concomitant use of opioid agonists and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug.
OxyCODONE CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of OxyCODONE. Management: Avoid concomitant use of oxycodone and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug.
Perampanel May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants. Management: Patients taking perampanel with any other drug that has CNS depressant activities should avoid complex and high-risk activities, particularly those such as driving that require alertness and coordination, until they have experience using the combination.
Pramlintide May enhance the anticholinergic effect of Anticholinergic Agents. These effects are specific to the GI tract.
Secretin Anticholinergic Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of Secretin. Management: Avoid concomitant use of anticholinergic agents and secretin. Discontinue anticholinergic agents at least 5 half-lives prior to administration of secretin.
Sodium Oxybate

CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact. Management: Take into account substitutes for combined use.  Reduce the doses of one or more medications when simultaneous use is necessary. It is not advised to use sodium  oxybate with alcoholic beverages or hypnotic sedatives.

Suvorexant

Suvorexant's CNS depressing effects may be amplified by other CNS depressants. Treatment: Suvorexant and/or any other  CNS depressant dosage reduction may be required. Suvorexant shouldn't be taken with alcohol, and it shouldn't  be taken for sleeplessness with any other medication either.

Tapentadol

CNS depressants may have an enhanced CNS depressant impact. Treatment: When feasible, refrain from using  tapentadol and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants simultaneously. Only in the event that other treatment choices  are insufficient should these medications be combined. Limit the duration and dosage of each medicine when used together.

Zolpidem CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Zolpidem. Management: Reduce the Intermezzo brand sublingual zolpidem adult dose to 1.75 mg for men who are also receiving other CNS depressants. No such dose change is recommended for women. Avoid use with other CNS depressants at bedtime; avoid use with alcohol.

Risk Factor X (Avoid combination)

Aclidinium May enhance the anticholinergic effect of Anticholinergic Agents.
Amisulpride

Antipsychotic drugs may intensify Amisulpride's harmful or hazardous effects. Management: Separate drug  interaction monographs go into further detail about the medications indicated as exceptions to this book.

Azelastine (Nasal) Azelastine's CNS depressing impact may be amplified by CNS depressants (Nasal).
Bromopride May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Antipsychotic Agents.
Bromperidol May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Cimetropium Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the anticholinergic effect of Cimetropium.
Eluxadoline Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the constipating effect of Eluxadoline.
Glycopyrrolate (Oral Inhalation) Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the anticholinergic effect of Glycopyrrolate (Oral Inhalation).
Glycopyrronium (Topical) May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
Ipratropium (Oral Inhalation) May strengthen an anticholinergic agent's anticholinergic action.
Levosulpiride Levosulpiride's therapeutic impact may be diminished by anticholinergic medications.
Metoclopramide Could intensify the negative or hazardous effects of antipsychotic drugs.
Orphenadrine CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Orphenadrine.
Oxatomide May enhance the anticholinergic effect of Anticholinergic Agents.
Oxomemazine May enhance the CNS depressant effect of CNS Depressants.
Paraldehyde CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Paraldehyde.
Piribedil

Piribedil's therapeutic effects may be diminished by antipsychotic drugs. Piribedil may lessen an antipsychotic agent's therapeutic  impact. Treatment: Piribedil should not be used in combination with antiemetic neuroleptics and is not advised to be  used with  antipsychotic neuroleptics, with the exception of clozapine.

Potassium Chloride Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the ulcerogenic effect of Potassium Chloride. Management: Patients on drugs with substantial anticholinergic effects should avoid using any solid oral dosage form of potassium chloride.
Potassium Citrate Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the ulcerogenic effect of Potassium Citrate.
Revefenacin Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the anticholinergic effect of Revefenacin.
Sulpiride Antipsychotic Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Sulpiride.
Thalidomide CNS Depressants may enhance the CNS depressant effect of Thalidomide.
Tiotropium Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the anticholinergic effect of Tiotropium.
Umeclidinium May enhance the anticholinergic effect of Anticholinergic Agents.

Monitoring parameters:

  • Mental status;
  • Height
  • BMI
  • Waist circumference for the initial 6 months
  • CBC 
  • Electrolytes
  • Liver function 
  • Fasting plasma glucose level and HbA 
  • Lipid profile 
  • Changes in menstruation
  • Libido
  • Development of galactorrhoea
  • Erectile and ejaculatory function 
  • Abnormal involuntary movements or parkinsonian signs 
  • Tardive dyskinesia
  • Visual changes 
  • Ocular examination 

How to administer Molindone (Moban)?

It is taken orally three or four times a day without regard to meals at the same time each day.


Mechanism of action of Molindone (Moban):

  • The striatum, nucleus accumbens, and ventral tegmental region's postsynaptic dopaminergic D-2 receptors are blocked by the  dihydroindolone derivative molindone.
  • It possesses minimal affinity for the frontal cortex's histamine H-1 receptor and alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, zero affinity for the caudate nuclei'  muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, and moderate affinity for the frontal cortex's alpha-2 adrenergic receptor.

Duration of action:

  • 24 to 36 hours

Absorption:

  • Rapid

Protein binding:

  • 76%.

Metabolism:

  • Hepatic

Half-life elimination:

  • 1.5 hours

Time to peak, serum:

  • About 1.5 hours

Excretion:

  • Urine and feces (<2% to 3% unmetabolized molindone)

International Brand Names of Molindone:

  • Moban

Molindone Brand Names in Pakistan:

No Brands Available in Pakistan.

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